Improvement in lamps



A. iCROOK.

Lamp Burner.

Patented May 25 www@ @0, a n y e w M TJ o 1C, .t

N4 PETERS Phono-mmgnphu. wnhmgm". o. c.

tntrd giant ABEL CROOK, OF

NEW- YORK, N. Y.'

Letters Patent No. 90,428, dated May 25, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMPS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

4To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that LABEL CnooK, of New York city, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Lamps I; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description thereof, which will enable others skilled inthe art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying'drawing, forming part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in lamps for burning kerosene and other ,similar oils, designed to provide au arrangement of the burner, whereby more perfect combustion of the oil may be attained, and in a manner to develop a greater, purer and more brilliant dame than is now obtained with burners of like capacity.

This invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the various parts, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

Figure 1 represents a vertical sectional elevation of my improved lamp.

Figure 2 represents a plan view, with the chimney and the top ofthe cone removed Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

'. I divide the usual Wick-tube vertically into two parts, a a, or substitute an equivalent in separate tubes, and set'them inline with each other, edge to edge, a slight distanceA apart. f

I also make them very much narrower in 'the direction of the shortest axis. y y

Theobject of this arrangement is to'provide greater breadth of dame, with the same capacity of wick, which I reduce inthickness in the sameproportion thatI increase the breadth.

The flames produced' from wicks thus arranged have a natural tendency to diverge from eachother, and in lamps, as ordinarily constructed, my object would be by this tendency defeated. But I'have found that by a proper management of vthe volume of air supplied to the flame to support combustion, the llame may be caused to unite over the gap between the two wicks, thus -spreading it in that direction, while it may also be caused to spread at each outer end in the usual manner, thus producing a very wide and thin dame, of very great brilliancy.

I accomplish this formation of the dame by means of an air-regulating plate, b, interposed in the burner near the top, above which the wick-tubes rise a slight distance.

I provide an elliptical opening, c, in the said plate surrounding the wick-tubes, sensibly' greater than the capacity ofthe tubes, and at the axis of the minor di# ameter thereof; and coincident with the dividing-line between the tubes, I form large lateral openings, d, one on each side. These openings I make sensibly larger at the outer ends.

. The remaining portion of this plate is perforatedwith small holes thickly dispersed throughout the surface.

The elliptical opening aifords a uniform supply o'f air, in a compact volume, around the ends and sides of the dame, while the openings d afford a much increased supply, and .thereby promote combustion at the centre of the dame in a greater degree, causing the two parts to spread, and thus unite.

' Moreover, the increased volume at the ends of the openings d, affords such a supply, that a portion thereof must rise to a considerable height, before coming into contact with the flame, thereby becoming heated to a considerable degree, and, encountering the dame at a high point thereof, serves to give the full and rounded form at the top.

The air rising through the small perforations, serves,

while adding to the supply, to prevent the above-described essential currents from being dedected from their direct courses by air-eddi/es that might otherwise be formed above 'the plate. It also serves, measurably, to arrest any sudden flow of air to the flame, in gusts, that might otherwise occur, or be generated, by moving the lamp suddenly, or by other causes.

:For greater accuracy', I provide a ratchet for each wick, but one may suffice for regulating both; and I prefer, also, to facilitate turning the wicks, to give the upper ends of the wick-tubes a slightly-rounded form.

I make a solid connection at c, between the wicktubes, toprevent the concentrated jet of air before described, from separating the flame at the lighting-point, but allow an open space between them from this point to the ratchet-chamberhto admit a free circulation between them, closing them at that point, to prevent, as much as possible, the vapor of the -iiuid in the lamp coming in direct contact with the dame.

I also form a slight depression in the top of the con nection at e, for the purpose of forming a slight airspace, which prevents undue charring of the wicks at these edges, which would otherwise occur from contact with metal, which, between the dames of the two wicks, would be greatly heated.

To ventilate the lamp, I provide one or more small openings through the base of the screen at f, and lateral openingsV from the same at g, inthe side, to cause the vapor to encounter the air as much as possible, before ascending to the flame.

The base-plate h of the burner is iconvex onA its lower surface, for the better preservation of the dame against sudden gusts, and the tubes rise through it, and are attached thereto immediately above the ratchet-f chamber.`

The cone is divided at the point where the plate b is connected to it, and the cap t' above it is readily removable, for trimming the wick, or 'other purposes, thereby avoiding the necessity of removing the cone at the base, k, except for renovating the lamp.

The exterior form of my improved burner, including the top thereof, represents four annular reecting-'sm`` faces, l, m, n, and o, Whichladds materially to the brilliancy of the llame.

- Provision is made for,the admissionvof air for ven-- tilating the chimney,' and 'to the top of the cone, by the two vrows,^p and q, of perforations through the burner, the oneLp, through the ringn at the base, and

'the other immediately1 below the junction of the cap.

I prefer to employ a chimney of the form of a frus-.i tum of va hollow cone, from the base to the point 'r, about opposite t0 the top of the Wick-tubes,'thence swelling into a bulb at s, and thence tapering to the air-regulating plate 'b to lamps having single wick-tubes, with slight modifications of the large air-passages, with good' results, and I contemplate such application. Having thus described my invention, What I claim as newaud desire to secure by Letters Iatent, isf 1. The passages f andg, tubes a a, plate b, lprovided with the elliptical opening c, and lateral opening d, and the cone made in sections, when constructed, arranged, and combined as set forth. y 2. The plate b, constructed and the indowing air, as described, andl combined with the tubes w a and the burner, substantially as specified. ABEL CROOK.-

Witnesses: v

FRANK BLOCKLEY, ALEX. F. ROBERTS.

adapted fol' shaping W 

